{"id":4443,"date":"2025-02-05T20:30:02","date_gmt":"2025-02-05T15:30:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/?p=4443"},"modified":"2025-02-05T20:39:57","modified_gmt":"2025-02-05T15:39:57","slug":"accelerating-private-sector-and-green-transformation-in-uzbekistan-challenges-and-opportunities","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/uz\/press\/accelerating-private-sector-and-green-transformation-in-uzbekistan-challenges-and-opportunities\/","title":{"rendered":"O\u02bbzbekistonda xususiy sektor va yashil transformatsiyani tezlashtirish: Muammolar va imkoniyatlar"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Ushbu tahliliy maqola Osiyo Taraqqiyot Banki (ADB) tomonidan 2025-yil yanvar oyida e\u02bclon qilingan <em>&laquo;Accelerating Private Sector and Green Transformation in Uzbekistan&raquo;<\/em> (&laquo;O\u02bbzbekistonda xususiy sektor va yashil transformatsiyani tezlashtirish&raquo;) nomli hisobot asosida tayyorlandi. Kiyoshi Taniguchi va Begzod M. Jalilov muharrirligida chop etilgan ushbu hujjat O\u02bbzbekistondagi iqtisodiy o\u02bbzgarishlar, xususiy sektor rivoji va yashil o\u02bbsish tashabbuslarini chuqur tahlil qiladi.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Hisobotning asosiy yo\u02bbnalishlari<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Hisobot quyidagi olti muhim yo\u02bbnalishni qamrab oladi:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Makroiqtisodiy ko\u02bbrsatkichlar va tarkibiy muammolar<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Yashil o\u02bbsish uchun strategik investitsiyalar<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Qishloq xo\u02bbjaligi islohotlari va oziq-ovqat xavfsizligi<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Xususiy sektor rivoji, xususiylashtirish va moliyaviy kirish imkoniyatlari<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Inson kapitali va ta\u02bclim sektorini rivojlantirish<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Mintaqaviy hamkorlik va iqtisodiy integratsiya<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Ushbu yo\u02bbnalishlar orqali O\u02bbzbekiston <strong>bozorlarga asoslangan iqtisodiyotga o\u02bbtish, davlat ishtirokini kamaytirish va ishbilarmonlik muhitini yaxshilash<\/strong> maqsadiga erishishni rejalashtirgan.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong> Makroiqtisodiy ko\u02bbrsatkichlar: o\u02bbsish, inflyatsiya va savdo<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>1.1 Iqtisodiy o\u02bbsish va tarkibiy o\u02bbzgarishlar<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>2017-yilda boshlangan iqtisodiy islohotlar<\/strong> natijasida O\u02bbzbekiston barqaror o\u02bbsish sur\u2019atlarini ko\u2018rsatdi:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>YaIM o\u02bbsishi (2017\u20132022):<\/strong> <strong>yiliga o\u02bbrtacha 5,2%<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>2023-yil YaIM o\u02bbsishi:<\/strong> <strong>6%<\/strong>, bunda <strong>fiskal ekspansiya, iste\u02bcmol va investitsiyalar oshishi<\/strong> asosiy omillar bo\u2018ldi<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Tarmoqlarning YaIMga qo\u2018shgan hissasi (2017\u20132022):<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Xizmatlar:<\/strong> <strong>40% umumiy qiymat qo\u02bbshilgan mahsulotning o\u02bbsish hissasi<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Sanoat:<\/strong> <strong>26%<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Qishloq xo\u02bbjaligi:<\/strong> <strong>25%<\/strong>, lekin <strong>2017-yildagi 32% dan pasaygan<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>2024\u20132025-yillarda<\/strong> xizmatlar va qishloq xo\u02bbjaligi sektorlarida <strong>sekinlashuv<\/strong>, sanoatda esa <strong>o\u02bbsish davom etishi<\/strong> prognoz qilinmoqda.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>1.2 Inflyatsiya va monetar siyosat<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>O\u02bbrtacha inflyatsiya (2017\u20132023):<\/strong> <strong>12,4%<\/strong> (asosan oziq-ovqat narxlari oshishi sabab)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>2023-yildagi inflyatsiya:<\/strong> <strong>8,8%<\/strong>, qattiq pul-kredit siyosati natijasida pasayish kuzatilgan<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Markaziy Bankning 2024-yilga mo\u2018ljallangan inflyatsiya maqsadi:<\/strong> <strong>5%<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Lekin, <strong>dollarizatsiya darajasi yuqori bo\u2018lib qolmoqda<\/strong>:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>2022-yilda bank kreditlarining 47% xorijiy valyutada ajratilgan<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Foiz stavkalari (2022):<\/strong> milliy valyutadagi kreditlar \u2013 <strong>22,4%<\/strong>, AQSh dollarida \u2013 <strong>7%<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>1.3 Savdo balansi va chet el investitsiyalari<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">O\u02bbzbekistonning tashqi savdo hajmi <strong>2016-yilda $24 milliarddan 2022-yilda $50 milliardga yetdi<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Eksport (2022):<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Oltin:<\/strong> <strong>$5,5 milliard<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Tekstil:<\/strong> <strong>$3,1 milliard<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Meva va sabzavotlar:<\/strong> <strong>$2,2 milliard<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Import (2022):<\/strong> <strong>Asosiy o\u2018sish mashina va uskunalar, neft mahsulotlari hisobiga sodir bo\u2018ldi<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>2023-yilda joriy hisob taqchilligi<\/strong> <strong>5,5% YaIM<\/strong>ni tashkil etdi, lekin u <strong>chet el investitsiyalari va xususiy kreditlar hisobidan qoplandi<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong> Xususiy sektor rivoji va yashil investitsiyalar<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>2.1 Xususiy sektor va xususiylashtirish<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Davlat ishtiroki hali ham yuqori<\/strong>, ayniqsa <strong>energetika, transport va bank sektorlarida<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>2021-yilda tasdiqlangan xususiylashtirish strategiyasi:<\/strong> <strong>davlat korxonalarini 75% ga qisqartirish<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Xususiy sektor kreditlash ulushini oshirish maqsadi:<\/strong> <strong>2020-yildagi 28% dan 2025-yilda 70% ga yetkazish<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Fond bozori muammolari:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>2022-yilda kapitalizatsiya:<\/strong> <strong>$200 million<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>2026-yil maqsadi:<\/strong> <strong>$7 milliard<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>2.2 Yashil o\u02bbsish va iqlim strategiyasi<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">O\u02bbzbekiston <strong>2030-yilgacha issiqxona gazlari chiqindilarini 35% ga kamaytirishni rejalashtirgan<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>O\u02bbzbekiston CO2 chiqindilar bo\u2018yicha Markaziy Osiyoda 2-o\u2018rinda<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Energiya iste\u2019moli global o\u02bbrtachadan 2 baravar yuqori<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>90% suv resurslari qishloq xo\u2018jaligida sarflanadi<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Yashil o\u02bbzgarish yo\u02bbnalishlari:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Quyosh va shamol energetikasini rivojlantirish<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Transport elektrifikatsiyasi va temir yo\u2018llarni modernizatsiya qilish<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Sanoatda energiya samaradorligini oshirish<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Hozirgi kunda O\u02bbzbekiston <strong>Markaziy Osiyodagi eng yirik iqlim moliyalashtirish oluvchi davlatdir<\/strong>, lekin ushbu mablag\u2018lardan samarali foydalanish talab etiladi.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong> Qishloq xo\u02bbjaligi va oziq-ovqat xavfsizligi<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Qishloq xo\u02bbjaligining YaIMdagi ulushi:<\/strong> <strong>25%<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Asosiy islohotlar (2020\u20132030):<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Paxta va bug\u02bbdoy bozorlarini liberallashtirish<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>&laquo;Paxta-to\u02bbqimachilik klasterlari&raquo;ni rivojlantirish<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Meva-sabzavot va chorvachilik eksportini rag\u2018batlantirish<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Muammolar:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Kichik fermer xo\u2018jaliklarini yetarli qo\u2018llab-quvvatlash yo\u2018qligi<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Yer egalik huquqlari bo\u2018yicha noaniqliklar<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Iqlimga chidamli qishloq xo\u2018jaligiga investitsiyalar yetishmovchiligi<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Xulosa: Barqaror o\u02bbsish uchun ustuvor yo\u02bbnalishlar<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Xususiy sektorni rivojlantirish va davlat ishtirokini kamaytirish<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Yashil energetika va barqaror infratuzilmani rivojlantirish<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>SMElar uchun moliyaviy kirish imkoniyatlarini kengaytirish<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Ta\u02bclim va kasbiy malaka oshirishga sarmoya kiritish<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Tashqi savdo va mintaqaviy integratsiyani kuchaytirish<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Manba: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adb.org\/publications\/private-sector-green-transformation-uzbekistan\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">ADB \u2013 Accelerating Private Sector and Green Transformation in Uzbekistan<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ushbu tahliliy maqola Osiyo Taraqqiyot Banki (ADB) tomonidan tayyorlanib O\u02bbzbekistondagi iqtisodiy o\u02bbzgarishlar, xususiy sektor rivoji va yashil o\u02bbsish tashabbuslarini chuqur tahlil qiladi.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4446,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4443","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-press"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4443","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4443"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4443\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4448,"href":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4443\/revisions\/4448"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4446"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4443"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4443"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4443"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}