{"id":4609,"date":"2025-03-24T15:45:25","date_gmt":"2025-03-24T10:45:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/?p=4609"},"modified":"2025-03-24T15:45:39","modified_gmt":"2025-03-24T10:45:39","slug":"adb-regional-integration-in-asia-challenges-and-opportunities-for-uzbekistan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/uz\/press\/adb-regional-integration-in-asia-challenges-and-opportunities-for-uzbekistan\/","title":{"rendered":"OTB: Osiyoda mintaqaviy integratsiya: O\u2018zbekiston uchun chaqiriqlar va imkoniyatlar"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><\/p>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"196\" data-end=\"603\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>So\u2018nggi yigirma yil ichida Osiyo va Tinch okeani mintaqasi iqtisodiy integratsiyada sezilarli yutuqlarga erishdi. Bu jarayon savdo, investitsiyalar, moliyaviy hamkorlik va aholining erkin harakatini o\u2018z ichiga oladi. Osiyo Taraqqiyot Bankining (<em>Asian Economic Integration Report 2025: Harnessing the Benefits of Regional Cooperation and Integration &#8211; Osiyo iqtisodiy integratsiyasi hisoboti 2025: mintaqaviy hamkorlik va integratsiyaning afzalliklaridan foydalanish<\/em>) yangi hisobotiga ko\u2018ra, mintaqaviy aloqalarning chuqurligi Yevropa Ittifoqi bilan solishtiriladigan darajaga yetgan.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"605\" data-end=\"804\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Ammo jahon bozorida geoiqtisodiy noaniqliklar kuchayayotgan bir paytda, O\u2018zbekiston oldida asosiy savol turibdi: mintaqaviy integratsiya imkoniyatlaridan qanday qilib samarali foydalanish mumkin?<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"811\" data-end=\"870\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong data-start=\"815\" data-end=\"870\">O\u2018zbekiston va mintaqaviy integratsiya: joriy holat<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"872\" data-end=\"1322\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>O\u2018zbekiston mintaqaviy hamkorlikda faol ishtirok etmoqda, xususan Markaziy Osiyo Mintaqaviy Iqtisodiy Hamkorlik dasturi (CAREC) doirasida. Bu tashabbus transport, savdo, energetika va raqamli transformatsiya sohalarida muhim loyihalarni amalga oshirdi. Biroq Osiyo Taraqqiyot Bankining tahliliga ko\u2018ra, Markaziy Osiyoda moliyaviy oqimlar va to\u2018g\u2018ridan-to\u2018g\u2018ri xorijiy investitsiyalar (FDI) bo\u2018yicha integratsiya darajasi past bo\u2018lib qolmoqda.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1324\" data-end=\"1600\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>O\u2018zbekistonning ichki mintaqaviy savdosi asta-sekin o\u2018sib bormoqda \u2013 ayniqsa Xitoy, Qozog\u2018iston va Rossiya bilan. Biroq eksportdagi qo\u2018shilgan qiymat ulushi hanuz past bo\u2018lib, bu mamlakatning mintaqaviy ishlab chiqarish zanjirlariga chuqur integratsiyalashuvini cheklaydi.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"1607\" data-end=\"1665\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong data-start=\"1611\" data-end=\"1665\">Savdo va qiymat zanjirlari: O\u2018zbekiston salohiyati<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1667\" data-end=\"1951\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>1990\u20132023 yillarda ichki Osiyo savdosi yiliga o\u2018rtacha 8,2% ga oshgan, bu esa tashqi savdo o\u2018sishidan yuqori ko\u2018rsatkichdir. O\u2018zbekiston CAREC a\u2019zosi sifatida agrosanoat, yengil sanoat va xomashyo sohalarida mintaqaviy ta\u2019minot zanjirlariga faolroq kirishish imkoniyatiga ega.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"1953\" data-end=\"2190\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Shu bilan birga, hisobotda qayd etilishicha, Osiyodagi preferensial savdo bitimlari (PTA) ko\u2018p hollarda tor doirali va korxonalar, ayniqsa kichik va o\u2018rta biznes (KOB) tomonidan kam qo\u2018llaniladi. Bu muammo O\u2018zbekistonga ham tegishli.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2192\" data-end=\"2444\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Tavsiya: Milliy savdo preferensiyalari platformasini yaratish, eksportchilarga tovar kelib chiqishi qoidalari bo\u2018yicha o\u2018quv dasturlarini joriy etish va asosiy savdo hamkorlari (Xitoy, Yevropa Ittifoqi, Hindiston) bilan standartlarni moslashtirish.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"2451\" data-end=\"2534\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong data-start=\"2455\" data-end=\"2534\">Xorijiy investitsiyalar: xomashyo emas, texnologiya va \u201cyashil\u201d rivojlanish<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2536\" data-end=\"2801\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Hisobotga ko\u2018ra, Osiyoda raqamli infratuzilma, xizmatlar va ekologik (green) investitsiyalar bo\u2018yicha FDI jadal o\u2018smoqda. 2013\u20132023 yillarda \u201cyashil\u201d investitsiyalar ulushi 8% dan 27% gacha oshgan, xizmatlar sohasi esa investitsiyalarning 58% ini tashkil etgan.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"2803\" data-end=\"3151\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Bu O\u2018zbekiston uchun qayta tiklanuvchi energetika, logistika, IT va agrotexnologiyalar yo\u2018nalishida xorijiy investorlarni jalb etish uchun katta imkoniyatdir. CAREC va ADB investitsiyalarni yengillashtirish bo\u2018yicha tashabbuslarni ilgari surmoqda, biroq byurokratiya, shaffoflikning yetishmasligi va murakkab tartiblar muammoli bo\u2018lib qolmoqda.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"3153\" data-end=\"3333\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Tavsiya: Investitsiya yengillashtirish vositalarini joriy etish, investorlar bilan ishlash tizimini mustahkamlash va ADB platformalarida ustuvor loyihalarni faol ilgari surish.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"3340\" data-end=\"3388\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong data-start=\"3344\" data-end=\"3388\">Moliyaviy integratsiya: eng zaif bo\u2018g\u2018in<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"3390\" data-end=\"3723\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Moliyaviy integratsiya, ADB ta\u2019kidlaganidek, Osiyodagi eng sust rivojlanayotgan yo\u2018nalishdir, Markaziy Osiyoda esa bu tendensiya yanada yaqqol ko\u2018zga tashlanadi. O\u2018zbekiston bank tizimini mustahkamlash bo\u2018yicha ish olib bormoqda, biroq mintaqaviy moliyaviy mexanizmlar (masalan, Chiang Mai tashabbusi) hali keng qo\u2018llanilmayapti.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"3725\" data-end=\"3932\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Tavsiya: O\u2018zbekiston mintaqaviy moliyaviy muloqotda faolroq ishtirok etishi, xavfsizlik tarmoqlarini o\u2018rganishi va kapital bozorlarini rivojlantirish bo\u2018yicha mintaqaviy platformalarga qo\u2018shilishi kerak.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"3939\" data-end=\"4025\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong data-start=\"3943\" data-end=\"4025\">Aholi harakati, pul o\u2018tkazmalari va turizm: integratsiyaning ijtimoiy kapitali<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"4027\" data-end=\"4337\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>2024 yilda Osiyoga yo\u2018naltirilgan migrantlar pul o\u2018tkazmalari 392,1 milliard dollarni tashkil etdi, bu global o\u2018tkazmalarning 43% ini tashkil qiladi. O\u2018zbekiston bu borada yetakchi o\u2018rinlardan birini egallaydi. Biroq bir tranzaksiya uchun o\u2018rtacha xarajat 5,9% ni tashkil qiladi (BMT SDG maqsadi \u2013 3%).<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"4339\" data-end=\"4461\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Fintech va raqamli platformalar orqali o\u2018tkazmalarni arzonlashtirish, moliyaviy inklyuziyani kuchaytirish imkonini beradi.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"4463\" data-end=\"4740\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Turizm \u2013 hali to\u2018liq ishga tushmagan, ammo salohiyati katta soha. Janubi-Sharqiy Osiyo viza rejimlari va transport bo\u2018yicha liberallashuv orqali katta yutuqlarga erishgan bo\u2018lsa, Markaziy Osiyo infrastrukturadagi kamchiliklar va qat\u2019iy vizaviy cheklovlar bilan kurashmoqda.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"4742\" data-end=\"4941\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Tavsiya: O\u2018zbekiston aeroportlar va yer usti logistikasi bo\u2018yicha infratuzilma loyihalariga ustuvorlik berishi, viza siyosatini soddalashtirishi va raqamli turizm platformalarini yaratishi lozim.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"\" data-start=\"4948\" data-end=\"4991\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong data-start=\"4952\" data-end=\"4991\">Xulosa: imkoniyatlar oynasi ochildi<\/strong><\/span><\/h3>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"4993\" data-end=\"5127\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>O\u2018zbekiston Osiyodagi integratsiya jarayonlaridan maksimal darajada foyda olish uchun quyidagi yo\u2018nalishlarga e\u2019tibor qaratishi kerak:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul data-start=\"5129\" data-end=\"5495\">\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"5129\" data-end=\"5186\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"5131\" data-end=\"5186\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Faol ishtirokchidan mintaqaviy yetakchiga aylanish;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"5187\" data-end=\"5272\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"5189\" data-end=\"5272\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>\u201cYashil\u201d, raqamli va xizmat ko\u2018rsatish sohalariga investitsiyalarni jalb etish;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"5273\" data-end=\"5353\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"5275\" data-end=\"5353\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Moliyaviy hamkorlikni chuqurlashtirish va kapital bozorini rivojlantirish;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"5354\" data-end=\"5418\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"5356\" data-end=\"5418\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Ishchi kuchi va mutaxassislar harakatini rag\u2018batlantirish;<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li class=\"\" data-start=\"5419\" data-end=\"5495\">\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"5421\" data-end=\"5495\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Institutsional islohotlar orqali investorlar ishonchini mustahkamlash.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"\" data-start=\"5497\" data-end=\"5675\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Kuchayib borayotgan global geoiqtisodiy o\u2018zgarishlar fonida, mintaqaviy integratsiya O\u2018zbekiston iqtisodiy o\u2018sishining eng kuchli harakatlantiruvchi omiliga aylanishi mumkin.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"5497\" data-end=\"5675\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Manba: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.adb.org\/publications\/asian-economic-integration-report-2025\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Osiyo Taraqqiyot Banki (OTB)<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Osiyo Taraqqiyot Bankining yangi hisobotiga ko\u2018ra, mintaqaviy aloqalarning chuqurligi Yevropa Ittifoqi bilan solishtiriladigan darajaga yetgan.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4611,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4609","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-press"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4609","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4609"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4609\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4612,"href":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4609\/revisions\/4612"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4611"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4609"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4609"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/invexi.org\/uz\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4609"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}