According to the data of the State Statistics Committee of the Republic of Uzbekistan, in January-September 2022, the republic’s foreign trade turnover reached $36,024.6 million, which, compared to the same period in 2021, increased by $7,701.4 million or by 27.2%.
Of the total volume of foreign trade turnover, exports amounted to $14,051.5 million (by January-September 2021, an increase of 35.7%), and imports – $21,973.1 million (an increase of 22.3%).
As a result, the balance of foreign trade turnover amounted to a passive balance in the amount of $7,921.6 million.
Among the 20 major partner countries in foreign economic activity, there is an active foreign trade balance with three countries, in particular with such as Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan and Tajikistan. A passive balance of foreign trade turnover is maintained with 17 countries.
Today, the Republic of Uzbekistan carries out trade relations with 195 countries of the world. The dynamics of the major top-10 partner countries in the foreign trade turnover of the Republic of Uzbekistan for 9 months of 2022 is as follows:
- China – $6,788.4 million with a share of 18.8% (an increase of 26.1% compared to the same period last year);
- Russian Federation – $6,544.0 million with a share of 18.2% (+28.2%);
- Kazakhstan – $3,261.8 million with a share of 9.1% (+16.4%);
- Turkey – $2,456.4 million with a share of 6.8% (+1.1%);
- Republic of Korea – $1,826.3 million with a share of 5.1% (+33.0%);
- Kyrgyzstan – USD $867.0 million with a share of 2.4% (+26.6%);
- Germany – $783.1 million with a share of 2.2% (+43.4%);
- Turkmenistan – $569.0 million with a share of 1.6% (-5.0%);
- Afghanistan – US$ $520.7 million with a share of 1.5% (+6.3%);
- India – $502.1 million with a share of 1.4% (+40.2%).
In the structure of the republic’s foreign trade turnover, a significant share is noted in the city of Tashkent, which is 38.8% or $13,974.8 million, Tashkent region – 11.1% or $3,983.7 million, Andijan region – 8.8% or $3,171.8 million (supplies of natural gas and electricity, as well as the volume of special exports is not distributed by regions, cities and districts of the Republic of Uzbekistan).
The share of foreign trade turnover of the CIS countries in the period under review, compared to the same period in 2021, increased by 0.1% and their share in foreign trade turnover, by the end of January-September 2022, amounted to 38.8%. The foreign trade turnover of the Republic of Uzbekistan with the CIS countries reached $13,961.3 million. Of these, the volume of exports amounted to $5,546.9 million, and the volume of imports – $8,414.4 million.
The volume of foreign trade turnover of other states in January-September 2022, compared with the same period in 2021, respectively decreased by 0.1% and amounted to 61.2% of the total volume of foreign trade turnover.
The foreign trade turnover of the Republic of Uzbekistan with the EAEU countries in the period under review amounted to $11,053.2 million, of which the volume of exports – $3,953.6 million, the volume of imports – $7,099.6 million.
In January-September 2022, the total number of exporting entities amounted to 6,281 units, which brought the volume of exports without gold to $11,080.6 million (an increase of 123.5% compared to the same period in 2021).
79.9% of the export structure is occupied by goods, which mainly account for industrial goods (24.2%), food and live animals (7.7%), chemicals and similar products (6.9%).
Due to the growth of exports to other foreign countries, the share of exports to the CIS countries has increased, and their share in its total volume was 39.4%.
Compared to 2020-2021, the main partners of Uzbekistan in the export of goods and services in foreign trade turnover in January-September 2022 were countries such as China, the Russian Federation, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Afghanistan and Tajikistan. Their share in total exports reached 56.5%.
The volume of exports of fruit and vegetable products in the period under review amounted to 1,235.8 thousand tons and in value terms reached $760.2 million (the rate of increase, compared to the same period in 2021, respectively amounted to 21.7%).
In January-September 2022, the share of fruit and vegetable products in total exports amounted to 5.4%. The main export markets for fruit and vegetable products are the Russian Federation, Kazakhstan, China and Pakistan.
Most of the fruit and vegetable products were exported (top 5):
- Grapes (including dried raisins) – $161.0 million (179.2 thousand tons);
- Peach – $68.1 million (76.7 thousand tons);
- Mash – $46.3 million (60.7 thousand tons);
- Tomatoes – $45.1 million (59.9 thousand tons);
- Deans and Watermelons – $35.6 million (129.27 thousand tons).
According to the results of January-September 2022, exports of textile products were carried out in the amount of $2,405.3 million, which amounted to 17.1% of total exports and, compared with January-September 2021, it increased by 13.0%.
In the structure of textile exports, the main share is occupied by cotton yarn (48.1%), as well as finished knitwear and sewing products (26.6%). In January-September 2022, more than 525 types of textile products were exported to 69 countries around the world.
The volume of exports of services in January-September 2022 amounted to $2,826.8 million, or 20.1% of the total volume of trade exports and increased by 51.0% compared to the same period in 2021. As part of the export of services, the lion’s share is occupied by transport services (46.9%), travel (tourism) (39.3%), telecommunications, computer and information services (5.4%), other business services (4.3%).
During the reporting period, imports amounted to $21,973.1 million (the increase in growth rates, compared with January-September 2021, amounted to 122.3%). The main share in the structure of imports is occupied by machinery and transport equipment (32.1%), industrial goods (19.2%), as well as chemicals and similar products (13.8%).
The analysis of the dynamics of imports of goods also showed that in January-September 2022, compared to the same period in 2021, the volume of imports of goods increased by 3,338.5 million US dollars and amounted to $20,085.4 million, and imports of services reached $1,887.8 million.
The share of imports from the CIS countries, compared to the same period in 2021, decreased by 1.5% and their share in foreign trade turnover, according to the results of January-September 2022, amounted to 38.3%.
In general, according to the results of January-September 2022, goods and services from 171 countries were imported to the Republic of Uzbekistan. A third of the imports come from such large partner countries as China, the Russian Federation, Kazakhstan, the Republic of Korea, Turkey, Germany and India.
The volume of imports of services in January-September 2022 amounted to $1,887.8 million, or 8.6% of its total volume and increased by 54.8% compared to the same period in 2021. As part of the import of services, the main share is taken by travel (tourism – 56.6%), transport services (15.1%), telecommunications, computer and information services (9.0%), other business services (6.9%).
According to the results of 9 months of 2022, the volume of machinery and transport equipment in the structure of imports reached $7,050.4 million and increased by 17.7% compared to the same period of 2021, in general, the share in total imports amounted to 32.1%.
Imports of machinery and transport equipment increased by $1,060.9 million. Most of the supplies of these goods to the country account for the PRC — $2,735.3 million (38.8%), the Republic of Korea — $1,212.5 million (17.2%) and Turkey — $553.2 million (7.8%).
According to the results of January-September 2022, the volume of industrial goods in the structure of imports reached $4,215.3 million and increased by 28.9% compared to the same period in 2021, in general, the share in total imports amounted to 19.2%.
Mainly imports of industrial goods account for cast iron and steel ($1,895.4 million), metal products ($544.7 million), textile yarn, fabrics, finished products ($393.7 million), paper or cardboard ($329.7 million), etc.